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Cognitive decline in HIV associated with mitochondrial inefficiency, study finds

Hannah Stadtler knew whom she wanted to work with before even arriving at VCU.

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Is diet culture fueling a new wave of eating disorders?

If you spend much time on the internet, it may seem everyone is rapidly growing thinner. Discourse on celebrities' bodies can feed dayslong news cycles.

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Two newly implicated genes reveal why some patients' cilia cannot clear mucus in the lungs

Hair-like appendages called motile cilia beat in synchrony on cells in many parts of the body to keep fluids and particles moving, such as clearing mucus in the lungs so it can be coughed out.

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Cancer is now the leading health threat for 9/11 survivors 25 years on

Twenty-five years after the World Trade Center attacks, cancer has become the defining health problem among survivors who breathed the toxic dust.

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Light-based scans can uncover hidden tissue damage in pelvic organ prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is a common but often overlooked condition that affects millions of women. It occurs when the tissues that support the pelvic organs weaken, allowing organs such as the bladder, uterus or rectum to shift from their normal position. Doctors can assess how severe the prolapse is, but existing tools do not provide much information about what's happening inside the tissue itself.

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New video game could help reveal how people with autism perceive the world

People with autism often come at life from a different angle—seeing details others miss, focusing on patterns rather than faces, experiencing heightened or dimmed physical sensations. Although researchers have tracked some of the many ways the neurodevelopmental disorder alters perception of the world, the precise brain mechanisms involved remain obscure, says Boston University researcher Benjamin Scott. One reason: Research often excludes people with more severe symptoms.

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New 'smart' nanoparticles help the immune system better attack tumors

Adelaide University researchers have developed a new way to use mRNA technology to reprogram tumor-supporting immune cells and strengthen the body's anticancer immune response.

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Brain insulation clues emerge in pediatric sleep apnea model, linking myelin changes to motor difficulties

A study published in Experimental Neurology provides new insights into the biological alterations underlying difficulties with precise fine movements observed in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (POSA).

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Fat cells retain hunger signal after weight loss, potentially driving obesity relapse

Two enduring biological mysteries have remained unsolved for decades: why almost everyone who loses weight gains it back, no matter how they lost it, and why obesity passes from mother to child at rates that diet and environment cannot explain. Now, scientists from Harrington Discovery Institute at University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University have identified why.

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Novel drug-releasing electrode protects hearing during cochlear implantation

Cochlear implants are life-changing biomedical devices that restore sound perception for individuals with severe to profound hearing loss. However, the surgical insertion of standard electrodes into the delicate inner ear often triggers acute inflammation, tissue scarring and secondary damage to remaining sensory hair cells and auditory neurons. This trauma can compromise electrical stimulation efficiency and lead to the irreversible loss of residual hearing.

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New findings link obesity to loss of natural breast cancer protection

A research team at Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah (the U) has found that obesity prevents a biological process that kills cancerous cells, revealing a possible reason obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer.

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AI tools could make postoperative opioid prescribing more individualized

For a patient having their wisdom teeth removed, the days after surgery can bring an important question: How much pain medication will I actually need?

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Blood and gene tests predict Alzheimer's symptoms three to six years ahead

Columbia University researchers have identified a way to help predict when people at high risk of developing Alzheimer's are likely to develop their first symptoms, a finding that could help physicians decide when to prescribe preventive treatments currently in development.

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Brain aging may be detected decades before symptoms appear, with links to gut health

A new UCLA study has found a connection between how quickly the brain ages and the bacteria and chemical byproducts found in the gut, offering a clue to what drives brain aging long before symptoms appear.

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Genetic mapping reveals complex traits draw more heritability from intergenic DNA

Schizophrenia, height, cholesterol. Each has its own genetic signature. That signature is made up of genetic variants: small differences in the DNA sequence that make one person's genome differ from another's. Some traits, such as the amount of cholesterol in the blood, are shaped by relatively few genetic variants. Other traits, such as schizophrenia, are shaped by many thousands of them, each contributing almost nothing on its own. Geneticists call this polygenicity.

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